Math 548A
Geometric Structures: Integral Geometry

Vladimir Sharafutdinov

Winter 2004, Monday-Wednesday-Friday 1:30-2:20

The course is mostly devoted to geometric analysis of inverse problems. We demonstrate how different geometric structures; like Riemannian metrics, vector bundles, symplectic structures, geodesic flows, stable and unstable foliations of an Anosov flow; can be used in studying inverse problems of mathematical physics. We start with discussing the boundary rigidity problem: how far is a Riemannian metric on a compact manifold with boundary determined by distances between boundary points? After linearization, this gives us the integral geometry problem: to which extent is a symmetric tensor field on a Riemannian manifold determined by its integrals over geodesics joining boundary points? The latter question is equivalent to an inverse problem for the kinetic equation that is a differential equation on the unit tangent bundle. To treat the kinetic equation, we develop some tensor analysis machinery that is based on the structure of the tangent bundle. We also discuss corresponding periodic integral geometry problems for closed Riemannian manifolds which are closely related to the spectral rigidity problem. In the periodic setting, we have to use the machinery of Anosov flows.

Tentative Syllabus

  1. Inverse kinematic problem of seismics in two dimensions
  2. Some questions of tensor analysis
  3. The ray transform
  4. Inversion of the ray transform
  5. Local boundary rigidity
  6. The modified horizontal derivative
  7. Inverse problem for the transport equation
  8. Integral geometry on Anosov manifolds